PMC

Contact and radiation temperature measurements of the samples. (a) Contact and radiation temperature measurements for the new conductor; (b) Contact and radiation temperature measurements for the used conductor; (c) Contact and radiation temperature measurements for the sphere.

as a function of n between {Global Radiation; (Air Temperature × Relative Humidity)} (□), {Air Temperature; (Global Radiation × Relative Humidity)} (), and {Relative Humidity; (Global Radiation × Air Temperature)} () for all stations: (a) Barreiras, (b) Cruz das Almas, and (c) Salvador. Vertical line show (30 days).

This graph displays seasonal variations in meteorological conditions (air temperature, solar radiation) and surface water temperature.

Predicted cooling rate (a–c), axial temperature gradient (d–f), and solidification rate (g–i) along the casting height. AERB: adjusted external radiation baffle; IRBs: inner radiation baffles; PARB: perfectly adjusted radiation baffle.